@article {429,
	title = {Biological invasions as a component of global change in stressed marine ecosystems},
	journal = {Marine Pollution Bulletin},
	volume = {46},
	year = {2003},
	abstract = {<p>Biological invasions in marine environment are the lesser known aspect  of global change. However, recent events which occurred in the  Mediterranean Sea demonstrate that they represent a serious ecological  and economical menace leading to biodiversity loss, ecosystem  unbalancing, fishery and tourism impairment. In this paper we review  marine bioinvasions using examples taken from the Mediterranean/Black  Sea region. Particular attention is given to the environmental status of  the receiving area as a fundamental prerequisite for the colonisation  success of alien species. The spread of the tropical algae belonging to  the genus Caulerpa in the northwestern basin of the Mediterranean Sea  has been facilitated by pre-existing conditions of instability of the  Posidonia oceanica endemic ecosystem in relation to stress of both  natural and anthropogenic origin. Human interventions caused long-term  modification in the Black Sea environment, preparing a fertile ground  for mass bioinvasion of aquatic nuisance species which, in some cases,  altered the original equilibrium of the entire basin. Finally, the  Venice lagoon is presented as the third example of an environment  subjected to high propagule pressure and anthropogenic forcing and  bearing the higher {\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}diversity{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} of non-indigenous species compared to  the other Mediterranean lagoons. Stressed environments are easily  colonised by alien species; understanding the links between human and  natural disturbance and massive development of non-indigenous species  will help prevent marine bioinvasions, that are already favoured by  global oceanic trade.</p>},
	keywords = {alien species, biodiversit{\'e}, biodiversity, biological invasion, Black sea, Caulerpa sp., climate change, disturbed ecosystem, diversity, ecosystem, {\'e}cosyst{\`e}me perturb{\'e}, environment, esp{\`e}ce invasive, fishery, global change, invasion biologique, lagoon, lagune de Venise, Mediterranean sea, menace, Mer M{\'e}diterran{\'e}e, Mer Noire, status, tourism, Venice lagoon},
	author = {A. Occhinpinti-Ambrogi and D. Savini}
}
